ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora. p-ISSN: 2962-889X (print), e-ISSN: 2962-8903 (online), DOI: 10.59246 Sehubungan dengan pengembangan dan peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan jurnal, kami informasikan bahwa seluruh layanan jurnal yang sebelumnya diakses melalui: ejurnalqarnain.stisnq.ac.id Mulai Volume 4 No. 3 edisi Mei-Juli akan berpindah ke domain baru, yaitu: journal.insyaka.ac.id Link publikasi untuk kebutuhan Mahasiswa, Peneliti dan Dosen yang telah terbit di domain lama akan tetap aktif dan akan dipindah bertahap. Sedangkan untuk submission baru, bisa dilakukan di domain baru. Indexed by:
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Nurul Qarnain Jember
Analisis Implementasi Daya Paksa (Overmacht) sebagai Penghapusan Pidana
Penerapan daya paksa (overmacht) sebagai alasan penghapus pidana masih menjadi perdebatan dalam hukum pidana Indonesia, terutama dalam perkara aborsi yang dilakukan oleh anak korban pemerkosaan. Artikel ini mengkaji pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Jambi Nomor X/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PT Jambi yang melepaskan terdakwa dari pertanggungjawaban pidana meskipun unsur delik aborsi secara formil terpenuhi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui analisis kasus, pembahasan difokuskan pada kronologi peristiwa serta penilaian hakim terhadap tekanan psikologis sebagai bentuk daya paksa psikis (psychische overmacht). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa trauma psikologis berat, rasa takut, dan tekanan mental akibat kekerasan seksual dapat meniadakan unsur kesalahan (schuld) sebagai dasar pertanggungjawaban pidana. Putusan tersebut mencerminkan pergeseran penerapan hukum pidana dari pendekatan normatif-formal menuju pendekatan kontekstual yang berorientasi pada keadilan substantif dan perlindungan korban anak. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dengan menegaskan relevansi daya paksa psikis dalam menilai pertanggungjawaban pidana serta kontribusi praktis melalui penguatan perspektif kemanusiaan dalam pertimbangan hakim tanpa mengesampingkan kepastian hukum.
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Transformasi Sosial-Politik Dakwah Nabi Muhammad: Analisis Sosio-Historis Mekah-Madinah
Studies on the Prophet Muhammad’s da‘wah commonly approach the Meccan–Medinan period through normative-theological perspectives or descriptive historical narratives, leaving the socio-political dimension of transformation and its relevance to contemporary leadership insufficiently explored. This article aims to analyze the transformation of the Prophet Muhammad’s da‘wah from Mecca to Medina as a process of socio-political change using a socio-historical approach. This study employs qualitative library research, drawing on primary sources such as the Qur’an, hadith, and classical sirah literature, as well as secondary sources from contemporary scholarly works. Data are analyzed descriptively and analytically by reconstructing historical contexts and examining shifts in social structures, power relations, and prevailing values in Meccan and Medinan society.The findings reveal that the Meccan da‘wah functioned as a moral and social transformation movement that challenged tribalism, social inequality, and the legitimacy of the Quraysh elite, while simultaneously laying the ideological foundation of the early Muslim community. This transformation reached its institutional form in Medina through the formation of a plural and organized political community, as reflected in the Charter of Medina. The study argues that the success of the Prophet’s da‘wah was not solely religious but also socio-political, embodied in a model of prophetic leadership grounded in moral exemplarity, consultation (shura), justice, and social compassion. This article contributes to socio-political Islamic studies by offering a socio-historical interpretation of prophetic da‘wah and highlighting its relevance for contemporary leadership and governance.
Penerapan Sanksi Pidana terhadap Tindak Pidana Pemalsuan Hak Cipta Karya Seni untuk Kepentingan Komersial
Pemalsuan hak cipta karya seni untuk kepentingan komersial masih menjadi persoalan hukum yang serius karena merugikan hak moral dan hak ekonomi pencipta serta mengganggu keberlangsungan industri kreatif. Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta telah mengatur sanksi pidana sebagai instrumen perlindungan hak eksklusif dan sarana pembentukan efek jera. Analisis hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual menunjukkan bahwa perumusan sanksi pidana dalam Undang-Undang Hak Cipta tergolong tegas dan progresif, khususnya dalam menanggulangi pelanggaran yang bersifat komersial. Namun, pada tataran implementasi, efektivitas sanksi pidana masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti lemahnya penegakan hukum, rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat, kesulitan pembuktian pelanggaran di era digital, serta inkonsistensi putusan pengadilan. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan tujuan pemidanaan belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan kemanfaatan bagi pencipta. Sanksi pidana yang dijatuhkan kerap tidak sebanding dengan keuntungan ekonomi pelaku, sehingga daya cegahnya menjadi terbatas. Oleh karena itu, perlindungan hak cipta memerlukan pendekatan yang lebih komprehensif melalui penguatan penegakan hukum, peningkatan kapasitas aparat, pemanfaatan keahlian dan teknologi dalam pembuktian, edukasi publik, serta integrasi mekanisme pidana dan perdata agar perlindungan hak cipta dapat terwujud secara efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Pertanggungjawaban Produsen atas Keracunan MBG yang Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen
The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) represents a state policy designed to fulfill children’s right to adequate nutrition, yet its large-scale implementation poses significant food safety risks, particularly the occurrence of food poisoning incidents. The reliance on catering service providers places students in the position of vulnerable consumers who may be exposed to unsafe food products. This article examines the legal responsibility of producers for food poisoning cases within the MBG framework under Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, employing normative legal research through statutory and conceptual analysis. The findings indicate that catering producers may be held liable under the principle of strict liability as stipulated in Article 19 of the Consumer Protection Law, without requiring consumers to prove fault. Furthermore, civil liability based on unlawful acts under Articles 1365, 1366, and 1367 of the Civil Code provides a legal avenue for victims to seek compensation, either individually or through class action mechanisms. Despite these legal instruments, Presidential Regulation Number 83 of 2024 does not explicitly regulate liability mechanisms or sanctions for food providers, resulting in a regulatory gap that weakens consumer protection. Strengthening legal norms and supervisory mechanisms is therefore essential to ensure legal certainty and effective protection of children’s fundamental rights as beneficiaries of the Free Nutritious Meal Program.
Urgensi Reformulasi Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik terhadap Penyalahgunaan Kecerdasan Buatan Deepfake dalam Perspektif Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly deepfake technology, has generated complex challenges for criminal law enforcement in Indonesia. Deepfake technology enables highly realistic manipulation of audio-visual content, increasing the risk of defamation, fraud, disinformation, identity misuse, and other forms of cybercrime. Although the Indonesian Law on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) regulates electronic information and data manipulation, its provisions remain general and have not explicitly addressed the specific characteristics, risks, and legal implications of AI-generated synthetic content. This normative gap has led to legal uncertainty, difficulties in criminal qualification, challenges in digital evidence verification, and ambiguity in determining criminal liability, especially in cases involving deepfake-based hoaxes. Through a normative juridical analysis supported by statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this article highlights the limitations of the current ITE Law framework in responding to the evolving nature of deepfake misuse. Comparative insights from the European Union’s AI Act and China’s Deep Synthesis Provisions demonstrate more adaptive, risk-based, and preventive regulatory models. The findings underline the urgency of reformulating the ITE Law to explicitly regulate deepfake content, strengthen legal certainty, integrate preventive mechanisms such as transparency and platform responsibility, and align criminal law policy with technological developments. Such reformulation is essential to ensure effective law enforcement, protect fundamental rights, and maintain public trust in the digital ecosystem..
Penerapan Penyelesaian Diversi di Kepolisian Sektor yang Tidak Memiliki Unit Pelayanan Perempuan dan Anak
The implementation of diversion for children in conflict with the law constitutes a fundamental component of the juvenile criminal justice system in Indonesia, particularly as an effort to prioritize restorative justice and the protection of children’s rights. In practice, however, diversion at the Sector Police level faces structural challenges, especially in police units that do not have a Women and Children Protection Unit. The handling of diversion cases at the Taman Sari Sector Police illustrates this condition, where diversion is conducted without institutional coordination with the Protection Unit at the District Police level and instead involves external companion institutions. Qualitative juridical-normative analysis supported by interviews reveals that although diversion procedures are formally carried out, their implementation tends to emphasize procedural completion rather than substantive recovery for victims. Case settlements that result solely in apologies, without compensation or other restorative measures, demonstrate insufficient fulfillment of victims’ physical and psychological recovery. This practice reflects a structural gap between normative regulations and institutional capacity at the Sector Police level. The findings indicate that the absence of specialized child investigators and clear coordination mechanisms weakens the quality of legal protection for both child offenders and victims. Strengthening institutional arrangements through the establishment of Protection Units at the Sector Police level or the assignment of trained child investigators, along with clearer regulatory guidance on victim compensation in diversion, is essential to ensure proportional recovery and the realization of restorative justice principles.
Analisis Yuridis Normatif atas Kekuatan Hukum Nasabah Pinjaman Online dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen
The rapid development of digital financial technology, particularly peer-to-peer (P2P) online lending services, has significantly expanded public access to financial resources while simultaneously generating complex legal problems for consumers. Issues such as misuse of personal data, excessive interest rates, non-transparent contractual clauses, and intimidative debt collection practices continue to occur, especially within illegal online lending platforms. Regulatory data indicate persistent violations of consumer protection norms and personal data regulations, despite the existence of statutory frameworks governing fintech activities in Indonesia. Online lending relationships create binding legal obligations between creditors and debtors, positioning consumers in a vulnerable situation due to standard-form contracts and information asymmetry. Normative legal analysis demonstrates that the dissemination of personal data without consent constitutes a violation of consumer protection law, personal data protection law, and general principles of civil liability. Existing regulations provide both preventive and repressive legal protection through transparency obligations, supervisory mechanisms, and sanctions; however, enforcement remains fragmented across institutions. Legal certainty and effective consumer protection require stronger coordination among regulatory authorities, clearer limitations on data access, and stricter accountability for online lending providers. Strengthening the implementation of consumer protection principles is essential to ensure fairness, security, and legal balance within digital financial transactions.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Terkait UU NO 21 Tahun 2007
Human trafficking constitutes a serious violation of human dignity and fundamental human rights, involving practices of exploitation that cause physical, psychological, and social harm to victims. In the perspective of Islamic law, such acts are categorized as jarimah because they contradict the principle of human honor (karāmah al-insān) as affirmed in Surah Al-Isra’ verse 70. Within the framework of Indonesian positive law, human trafficking is specifically regulated under Law Number 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking, which emphasizes not only the punishment of perpetrators but also the protection and recovery of victims. Using normative legal research through statutory and conceptual approaches, this article analyzes forms of legal protection provided to victims and examines obstacles in their implementation. The analysis shows that the law has regulated various victim rights, including confidentiality of identity, restitution, medical and social rehabilitation, repatriation, and social reintegration. However, implementation remains suboptimal due to limited institutional coordination, inadequate facilities and budgets, low public and law enforcement awareness, and the psychological trauma experienced by victims. Strengthening inter-agency coordination, improving the capacity of law enforcement officials, and adopting a victim-centered approach are necessary to ensure effective and comprehensive legal protection based on both Islamic legal principles and Indonesian positive law.
Analisis Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Pencemaran Nama Baik di Dunia Maya Berdasarkan UU ITE
Defamation in cyberspace has become a serious legal issue alongside the rapid development of information technology and social media. The widespread use of digital platforms allows information to be disseminated quickly, but also increases the potential for acts that harm a person’s honor and reputation. In Indonesia, defamation is regulated under the Criminal Code and specifically through the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), which provides distinct legal mechanisms and sanctions for offenses committed via electronic media. A normative legal approach with descriptive-analytical methods is employed by examining statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant legal literature to analyze the regulation and enforcement of defamation offenses in the digital sphere. The analysis shows that Article 27 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law serves as the main legal basis for addressing online defamation, with criminal sanctions regulated separately under Article 45. However, its implementation faces significant challenges, including differing interpretations among law enforcement officers, complexities in digital evidence, and tensions between protecting individual reputation and safeguarding freedom of expression. These obstacles indicate that legal enforcement has not yet functioned optimally. Strengthening the capacity of law enforcement authorities, improving clarity in legal interpretation, and enhancing public legal awareness are essential to ensure balanced, fair, and effective enforcement of defamation law in cyberspace.
Tinjauan Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pengguna E-Wallet atas Kehilangan Dana Akibat Kebocoran Data dan Transaksi Tidak Sah dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata
The rapid growth of e-wallet usage as a non-cash payment instrument in Indonesia has significantly transformed digital financial transactions, while simultaneously increasing the risk of personal data breaches and unauthorized transactions that result in financial losses for users. Numerous large-scale data breach incidents and the rising number of consumer complaints indicate that digital security systems and legal protection mechanisms for e-wallet users remain inadequate. This situation raises legal concerns regarding the civil liability of e-wallet service providers in ensuring the security of user data and funds. A normative juridical approach is applied by examining statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant literature related to consumer protection and personal data protection through library research. The analysis demonstrates that e-wallet providers may be held civilly liable when negligence in safeguarding systems and personal data leads to consumer losses, as regulated under the Civil Code, Consumer Protection Law, and Personal Data Protection Law. Furthermore, existing legal protection frameworks have not fully accommodated the complexity of digital financial risks, particularly in terms of regulatory enforcement and dispute resolution mechanisms. Strengthening technical regulations, supervisory roles of authorities, and accessible legal remedies is therefore essential. A more comprehensive legal protection model is required to enhance legal certainty and ensure fair protection for e-wallet users within Indonesia’s evolving digital financial ecosystem.
Implementasi Regulasi Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak Sektor Batubara Berdasarkan Hukum Keuangan Negara di Kabupaten Muara Enim
This study examines the implementation of Non-Tax State Revenue regulations in the coal sector in Muara Enim Regency from the perspective of state financial law. The coal sector contributes significantly to state revenue with realization reaching Rp 140.46 trillion in 2024. Normative legal research methods were employed using statutory and conceptual approaches to analyze regulatory implementation based on Law Number 17 of 2003 concerning State Finance and Government Regulation Number 26 of 2022. Research findings indicate that the collection mechanism has been structured through a self-assessment system supported by the e-PNBP application with clear division of authority between central and regional governments. However, implementation still faces obstacles including limited apparatus understanding of regulatory complexity, minimal information technology infrastructure, weak inter-agency coordination, and low transparency and accountability in management. Supporting factors include substantial coal reserves, local government commitment, and digital reporting systems. Harmonization of authority between central and regional governments requires strengthening through regulatory synchronization, institutional capacity enhancement, and improvement of integrated supervision systems to optimize state revenue while supporting regional development within the framework of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization.
Aspek Ontologi, Epistimologi dan Aksiologi Gerakan Studi Hukum Kritis
Artikel ini menganalisis Gerakan Studi Hukum Kritis (Critical Legal Studies) melalui kajian aspek ontologi, epistemologi, dan aksiologi sebagai kerangka filsafat hukum yang mengkritisi dominasi paradigma positivisme hukum dalam sistem hukum modern. Penelitian ini berangkat dari asumsi bahwa hukum kerap dipahami sebagai sistem normatif yang netral, objektif, dan otonom, sementara dalam praktiknya hukum tidak dapat dilepaskan dari relasi sosial, politik, dan kekuasaan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan filsafat hukum dan kritis, serta pendekatan konseptual dan historis, artikel ini mengkaji gagasan utama Studi Hukum Kritis dan relevansinya dalam konteks Indonesia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa secara ontologis, Studi Hukum Kritis memandang hukum sebagai konstruksi sosial dan politik yang bersifat historis dan kontingen. Secara epistemologis, pengetahuan hukum dipahami sebagai produk relasi kekuasaan yang tidak bebas nilai, sehingga klaim objektivitas dan kepastian hukum perlu dibaca secara kritis melalui metode dekonstruksi dan kritik ideologi. Dari sisi aksiologis, Studi Hukum Kritis memiliki orientasi emansipatoris dengan menempatkan keadilan substantif dan pembebasan kelompok marjinal sebagai tujuan utama hukum. Dalam konteks Indonesia, pendekatan ini relevan untuk mengkritisi praktik penegakan hukum yang masih dipengaruhi ketimpangan struktural serta mendorong reformasi hukum yang lebih responsif terhadap keadilan sosial. Artikel ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan pendekatan kritis dalam pendidikan dan praktik hukum guna mewujudkan sistem hukum yang demokratis dan berkeadilan.
Komunikasi Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Polri dalam Penguatan Kepercayaan Publik: Studi Kasus Penanganan Pengaduan Masyarakat
Public trust in the Indonesian National Police (Polri) has fluctuated in recent years, particularly following several ethical violations and legal case-handling practices perceived as lacking transparency. This study examines government communication practices based on transparency and accountability in strengthening public trust in Polri, with a focus on the management of public complaints. Using a qualitative descriptive case study approach, the research analyzes secondary data from official Polri reports, public media, and relevant academic literature. The findings identify three key dimensions: transparency of public information through digital channels, communication responsiveness in handling complaints, and public accountability through performance reporting. Although the Dumas Presisi system has improved institutional openness and accountability, the communication practices remain largely semi-symmetrical and insufficiently participatory. Theoretically, this study extends the Two-Way Symmetrical Communication Theory by introducing the dimension of social empathy. Practically, it recommends strengthening Polri’s public communication to become more transparent, human-centered, and participatory in order to enhance institutional trust.
Kepemimpinan Publik di Tengah Krisis Kepercayaan Politik di Indonesia Menurut Filsafat Politik Niccolo Machiavelli
This article aims to critically examine the concept of public leadership through the philosophical perspective of Niccolo Machiavelli. The crisis of political trust is one of the main challenges in democratic life in Indonesia. This phenomenon is evident in the declining level of public trust in political institutions, public officials, and policy-making processes that are considered not fully in favor of the people's interests. This article explores Machiavelli's system of ideas about virtù and fortuna and analyzes the role of public leadership amidst the crisis of political trust in Indonesia using a political philosophy approach, specifically the dimensions of leadership ethics, public responsibility, and trust in power. The method used is a library study by examining political philosophy literature, specifically the book Dekolonisasi, as well as articles on leadership, ethics, and public trust. The results of the analysis show that the crisis of political trust is not only caused by institutional factors, but also by weak integrity, transparency, and accountability in leadership practices. Therefore, public leadership based on ethics, moral exemplars, and commitment to the public interest are essential requirements for restoring public trust. Thus, strengthening the ethical dimension in public leadership is a strategic step in strengthening the quality of democracy in Indonesia. The focus of this article is to demonstrate a Machiavellian framework for examining tolerance in the murky world of politics.
Paradoks Pembangunan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Taman Nasional Sebangau: Studi Kasus Kelurahan Kereng Bangkirai
This study aims to analyze the Paradox of Sustainable Tourism Development in Sebangau National Park (a case study in Kereng Bangkirai). Using a qualitative approach and case study design, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results show an imbalance between the objectives of sustainable tourism development and their implementation in the field. Key findings point to several critical issues, including a lack of clarity regarding the Government Decree (KTT) from the Tourism Management Unit, which leads to weak institutional governance, ineffective communication and coordination between the government and local communities, limited supporting infrastructure, and underutilization of developed facilities. Furthermore, high kiosk rental costs and a lack of tourism promotion have reduced the effectiveness of local economic empowerment. This condition has resulted in decreased community participation in destination management. This study offers solutions by strengthening collaborative governance, improving coordination between stakeholders, and optimizing the roles of the community and government to achieve sustainable, participatory, and equitable tourism development.
Analisis Peran Mediasi sebagai Upaya Perdamaian Praktik Peradilan Perdata
Mediation is an alternative method for resolving disputes, involving negotiations facilitated by an impartial third party known as a mediator. In the context of civil court practices in Indonesia, the process of mediation is governed by Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 regarding Mediation Procedures in Court, which mandates that all civil cases at the first instance must undergo mediation prior to advancing to litigation. This study seeks to analyze the execution of dispute resolution via mediation in civil court practices and identify the elements that influence the effectiveness of mediation.The success of mediation in resolving civil disputes is influenced by several factors, including clear legal regulations, mediator professionalism, mediator certification, and the active role of the mediator in facilitating communication between the disputing parties. Effective mediation is expected to reduce case backlogs in courts and promote dispute resolution that is fast, simple, and cost-efficient.
Konsep Kebebasan Manusia Menurut Baruch Spinoza dalam Perspektif Filsafat Politik
Discussions on human freedom in Spinoza’s philosophy are generally dominated by metaphysical and ethical interpretations, while its systematic relevance to political philosophy remains insufficiently explored. This paper addresses this gap by situating Spinoza’s concept of freedom within a political framework that connects rational self-determination with the structure of collective life. Employing a qualitative literature approach with analytical-philosophical methods, this study critically examines Spinoza’s primary works—Ethics, Theological-Political Treatise, and Political Treatise—alongside selected secondary sources. The analysis demonstrates that freedom, in Spinoza’s view, is constituted not by the absence of external constraints but by the capacity to act through adequate ideas grounded in reason. Such a conception redefines political freedom as the condition that enables individuals to participate rationally within a shared order. Furthermore, the findings indicate that democratic arrangements provide the most adequate space for the realization of rational freedom, as they facilitate participation, safeguard intellectual autonomy, and orient collective life toward common welfare. This paper contributes to political philosophy by clarifying the intrinsic relation between rational freedom and democratic order, while also offering a contextual reflection relevant to contemporary socio-political dynamics.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Wisata Alam Bukit Cinta sebagai Daya Tarik Unggulan Kota Palangka Raya
This research analyzes the development strategy of the Bukit Cinta natural tourism destination as a leading attraction in Palangka Raya City. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis utilizes the 4A tourism concept (attraction, accessibility, amenities, and ancillary services) and SWOT analysis to identify internal and external factors influencing development. The findings indicate that the current development strategy remains basic and lacks systematic planning, particularly in terms of facility improvement, attraction innovation, and destination branding. Nevertheless, Bukit Cinta demonstrates strong potential due to its natural appeal, accessibility, and the growing demand for nature-based tourism. Strengthening strategic planning through improved facilities, diversified attractions, and optimized digital branding is essential to support sustainable tourism development.
Diferensiasi Pendapat 4 Madzhab dengan Peraturan Kompilasi Hukum Islam Pasal 115 Tentang Hukum Jatuhnya Talak di Indonesia
Differences in the legal validity of divorce (talak) between classical Islamic jurisprudence and Indonesian positive law continue to generate normative tension within Muslim society. The four major schools of Islamic law generally recognize the validity of talak when its essential elements are fulfilled, even if pronounced outside a court. In contrast, the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) requires that divorce be declared before a Religious Court to obtain legal recognition. This article examines the divergence between these two legal frameworks through a normative-comparative approach based on literature analysis of classical fiqh texts, statutory regulations, and contemporary scholarly works. The analysis highlights that classical jurisprudence prioritizes the formal validity of pronouncement, while KHI emphasizes legal certainty, procedural accountability, and protection of rights, particularly for women and children. The institutionalization of divorce through judicial mechanisms reflects a contextual legal adaptation intended to prevent misuse of unilateral authority and to ensure fairness in modern society. These findings indicate that although differing in procedural requirements, both frameworks share a common objective of safeguarding justice and public welfare. The Indonesian legal model demonstrates a form of contemporary ijtihad that integrates normative religious principles with socio-legal realities, making it more applicable within the current context.
Pengelolaan Pariwisata yang Ramah Lingkungan Berbasis Masyarakat Lokal di Bukit Baranahu
Sustainable tourism management has become a crucial issue in balancing economic benefits, environmental preservation, and social equity, particularly in local natural destinations. Bukit Baranahu in Central Kalimantan represents a growing rural tourism site that requires integrated and community-based governance to maintain its sustainability. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through field observations, documentation, and limited stakeholder engagement involving local communities, tourism managers, and visitors. The findings indicate that initial efforts toward sustainability have been implemented, including community participation, local economic activities, and basic environmental conservation practices. However, significant challenges persist, particularly in waste management systems, infrastructure adequacy, environmental carrying capacity control, and long-term monitoring mechanisms. The analysis highlights that existing practices remain fragmented and require stronger institutional support and coordination. The study contributes by proposing a collaborative governance framework that integrates local government, community groups, tourism managers, and private stakeholders to enhance sustainability outcomes. Strengthening regulatory frameworks, improving environmental management systems, and fostering community capacity are identified as key strategies to ensure long-term viability of rural-based natural tourism destinations.
Perlindungan Hak Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian: Perspektif Maslahat dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014
Post-divorce conditions frequently result in the neglect of children’s rights, particularly financial support, despite clear legal obligations imposed on parents. Children, as a vulnerable group, require both normative and practical protection to ensure their well-being and sustainable development. This article examines the protection of child support rights after divorce through an integrative analysis of maslahah (public benefit) and Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection. A qualitative approach is employed by combining normative juridical analysis with limited empirical insights derived from interviews with legal practitioners, enabling a more contextual understanding of the gap between legal norms and their implementation. The findings reveal that although legal frameworks and Islamic principles consistently position child support as a mandatory responsibility—primarily borne by the father—its enforcement remains weak due to limited monitoring mechanisms, low legal awareness, and socio-economic constraints. From the perspective of maqasid al-sharia, the fulfillment of child support constitutes a fundamental effort to preserve life, intellect, and lineage, thereby reinforcing its urgency beyond formal legality. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative framework that bridges positive law and Islamic legal philosophy to strengthen child protection discourse. Strengthening enforcement mechanisms, enhancing institutional supervision, and internalizing ethical-religious values are essential to ensure a more just, effective, and sustainable protection of children’s rights.
Memperjuangkan Kepentingan Perempuan: Analisis Praktik Mediasi pada Permohonan Izin Poligami di Pengadilan Agama dalam Perspektif Feminisme Jurisprudence
In principle, the prescription of polygamy in Islam is intended to protect the interests and rights of women, as can be traced through the historical context of Qur’anic verses and hadith. However, in practice, applications for polygamy permits submitted to the Religious Courts are predominantly driven by reasons that reflect male interests in hegemonizing women within the domestic sphere. Mediation implemented in the Religious Courts in polygamy permit cases serves as a deliberative forum aimed at advocating women’s interests in a more persuasive manner. This article aims to analyze the practice of mediation in polygamy permit applications in the Religious Courts using a gender justice approach. The primary data in this study consist of statutory regulations, including the Supreme Court Regulation on Mediation, the Marriage Law, and the Compilation of Islamic Law. Secondary data include journal articles, conference proceedings, books, undergraduate theses, master’s theses, and dissertations relevant to the research topic. Data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed using a qualitative-inductive method. Feminist Jurisprudence theory is employed as the analytical framework in this study. The findings indicate that the implementation of mediation in polygamy permit cases in the Religious Courts has not fully reflected a gender justice paradigm, as it is still characterized by unequal power relations between husbands and wives. Mediation procedures tend to be formalistic and do not provide a safe deliberative space for women to freely express their objections. Through the critique of Feminist Jurisprudence theory, this study highlights the need to reformulate mediation regulations to better align with the principles of substantive justice. Such reform includes gender-perspective training for mediators and the strengthening of mediation methods that equally protect the rights and interests of women.
Hambatan Implementasi Coretax dalam Reformasi Birokrasi Perpajakan Indonesia
Indonesia's tax bureaucracy reform has entered a critical phase with the launch of the Core Tax Administration System (Coretax) by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) on December 31, 2024, formally implemented in January 2025. Designed to integrate all taxation processes into a single digital platform, Coretax represents the most ambitious digital transformation in Indonesian tax administration history. However, its early implementation revealed significant technical and institutional obstacles that undermined its intended efficiency gains. This study aims to analyze the barriers to Coretax implementation within the framework of Indonesia's tax bureaucracy reform. Using a qualitative case study method with semi-structured interviews and documentation techniques, data were collected from DGT officials and analyzed through George C. Edwards III's policy implementation theory, encompassing four variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings reveal that implementation barriers are multidimensional: communication gaps stem from uneven digital literacy among users; resource readiness claims do not fully reflect real field capacities; institutional framing obscures variation in staff adaptation; and bureaucratic fragmentation impedes coordinated responses across units. These four variables operate simultaneously and reinforce one another, producing systemic institutional dysfunction that hinders optimal Coretax implementation
Problematika Kepastian Hukum Penentuan ‘Orang Tidak Mampu’ dalam Kewajiban Notaris Memberikan Jasa Cuma-Cuma
The obligation of notaries to provide free legal services to indigent persons, as stipulated in Article 37 paragraph (1) of the Notary Position Act, represents an effort to ensure access to justice for all members of society. However, the provision does not provide a clear definition or criteria for determining who qualifies as an “indigent person,” leading to practical and juridical issues in its implementation. This study aims to analyze the concept of “indigent persons” from a legal perspective and to examine the mechanism for determining such status in the execution of notaries’ obligations. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches, with qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that the absence of an operational definition results in a vague norm that creates legal uncertainty. In practice, the determination of indigent status tends to be subjective and lacks standardized criteria, which may lead to inconsistency, potential injustice, and misuse. Furthermore, the absence of a structured determination mechanism causes the obligation to provide free legal services to be ineffective in practice. Therefore, it is necessary to establish objective and multidimensional criteria, along with an integrated determination mechanism combining administrative and factual approaches, to ensure that notaries’ obligations are implemented effectively, appropriately targeted, and capable of supporting broader access to justice for economically disadvantaged communities.
Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Kebijakan Penundaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa di Kabupaten Sampang Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Desa
This study aims to analyze the legality of the policy to postpone village head elections in Sampang Regency from a legal perspective, particularly based on Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. The background of this research is the phenomenon of repeated delays in Pilkades, which has triggered political disputes and legal uncertainty at the village level. This research employs a normative legal method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, with qualitative analysis based on library research. The results show that the legal framework governing Pilkades emphasizes the obligation to conduct elections periodically as a manifestation of local democracy and legal certainty. However, the postponement policy implemented in Sampang Regency lacks a clear legal basis and potentially contradicts the principles of legality and legal certainty. Furthermore, prolonged delays have significant legal and democratic implications, including weakened legitimacy of acting village heads and disruption of village autonomy. In conclusion, the postponement of Pilkades in Sampang Regency requires serious evaluation to ensure alignment with the principles of the rule of law and good governance. Therefore, regulatory clarity and strong governmental commitment are necessary to ensure timely implementation of village head elections and to protect the democratic rights of village communities.
Peran Negara dan Efektivitas Politik Hukum Nasional Melindungi Keamanan Data dan Hak Privasi Digital
This article analyzes the role of the state and the effectiveness of national legal politics in ensuring data security and the privacy rights of citizens in the era of digital globalization. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and doctrinal approaches, supplemented by an empirical literature review on data breach incidents in Indonesia. Philosophically, personal data protection is grounded in the values of humanity and justice embodied in Pancasila, and constitutes an integral part of human rights as guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Juridically, the enactment of Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection marks a significant milestone in developing secure and accountable data governance. The findings reveal that the implementation of this regulation remains weak, as evidenced by the absence of an independent data protection authority, the lack of comprehensive implementing regulations, poor inter-agency coordination, and low public literacy regarding digital security. From the perspective of legal politics, the state's response to digital security challenges tends to be reactive and has yet to become fully progressive in accordance with technological advancements. This article asserts that the state must function not only as a regulator but also as a facilitator and protector by strengthening the legal framework, enhancing cyber resilience, establishing an independent data protection authority, and promoting international collaboration. Through a progressive and responsive legal approach, the state can safeguard privacy rights while upholding digital sovereignty amid the rapid expansion of global digitalization.
Kepemimpinan Transformatif di Ma’had Tahfidz Al-Husni: Studi Living Qur’an QS. An-Nisa Ayat 59 dan 83
This study aims to analyze the transformational leadership of ulil amri from a living Qur’an perspective based on Surah An-Nisa verses 59 and 83 and its implications for the character development of hafidzoh at Ma’had Tahfidz Al-Husni. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the values of obedience, responsibility, and wisdom embedded in Surah An-Nisa verses 59 and 83 are implemented through exemplary leadership, character development programs, and institutional policies oriented toward the internalization of Qur’anic values. This implementation fosters internal motivation among hafidzoh to practice honesty, discipline, responsibility, and justice in their daily lives. Furthermore, transformational leadership of ulil amri not only produces formal compliance but also develops sustainable collective awareness. Therefore, transformational leadership based on the living Qur’an approach is proven to be effective in systematically and sustainably shaping the character of hafidzoh within the context of Qur’an-based educational institutions.